C.M. Couch, n.d., Pembroke Tragedy. Spot where the body of Jose A. Langmaid was found near the post (Back), Stereocard, Jefferson Stereoptics, Courtesy of John Saddy (Auction, Tues. May 23rd & Thurs. May 25th, 2006, # 06-2, Lot 440), LL/11789

C.M. Couch, n.d., Pembroke Tragedy. Spot where the body of Jose A. Langmaid was found near the post, Stereocard, Jefferson Stereoptics, Courtesy of John Saddy (Auction, Tues. May 23rd & Thurs. May 25th, 2006, # 06-2, Lot 440), LL/11788

C.M. Couch, n.d., Pembroke Tragedy. Spot where the body of Jose A. Langmaid was found near the post (Detail), Stereocard, Jefferson Stereoptics, Courtesy of John Saddy (Auction, Tues. May 23rd & Thurs. May 25th, 2006, # 06-2, Lot 440), LL/11790

News Service Photo, 1921, 15 April, Workmen Digging Ditch Half Moon Pond Murder, Gelatin silver print, 7 x 10 in, Past to Present: Vintage Photo Gallery, LL/30643

Unidentified photographer, 1938, Murder in Barroom (Royal Bar & Restaurant)à Manhattan, Gelatin silver print, Larry Gottheim, Be-hold, Inc, Courtesy of Larry Gottheim - Be-Hold (54 / 48), LL/34052

Alphonse Bertillon, 1901-1908, [Album of Paris Crime Scenes], Gelatin silver print, 23 x 29 cm (9 1/16 x 11 7/16 ins) (page), Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gilman Paper Company Collection, Purchase, The Howard Gilman Foundation Gift, 2001, Accession Number: 2001.483.1-.172, LL/40518

Alphonse Bertillon, 1901-1908, [Album of Paris Crime Scenes], Gelatin silver print, 23 x 29 cm (9 1/16 x 11 7/16 ins) (page), Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gilman Paper Company Collection, Purchase, The Howard Gilman Foundation Gift, 2001, Accession Number: 2001.483.1-.172, LL/40521

Unidentified photographer, 1963, 22 November, Kennedy Assassination, Gelatin silver print, Larry Gottheim, Be-hold, Inc, Courtesy of Larry Gottheim - Be-Hold (54 / 79), LL/34056

Yasuki Nagoa, 1960 (taken) 1969 (possibly printed), Assassination of Socialist Leader Inejiro Asanuma, Gelatin silver print, ferrotyped, 7 1/2 x 9 1/2 in (19.1 x 24.1 cm), Swann Galleries - New York, Courtesy of Swann Galleries (Auction, Oct 22, 2009, Photographs & Photographic Literature, Sale 2191 Lot 247), LL/33446

Acme Newspictures, 1938, Al Capone's Wife, Gelatin silver print, Larry Gottheim, Be-hold, Inc, Courtesy of Larry Gottheim - Be-Hold (54 / 42), LL/34050

Unidentified photographer / artist, n.d., Booth and his associates, Carte de visite, Private collection of Stuart Schneider, LL/14939

Unidentified photographer / artist, 1861-1864, [Mrs. Rose O'Neal Greenhow, Confederate spy, during her imprisonment in the Old Capitol]., Silver gelatin print, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-3131, LL/6974

Unidentified photographer, n.d., Female brigand [Italian], Carte de visite, hand-painted, Collezione della Fondazione Carispo di Spoleto, LL/42270

Unidentified photographer / artist, 1903 (ca), Hardy. hung 1903, Nome Alaska, Private collection of Nigel Maister, LL/28563

Unidentified photographer, 1932 (ca), Mme Jeanne Lacour, Press photo, with crop markings, Private collection of Nigel Maister, LL/28565

Weegee, 1941, 16 January, Cop Killer, Gelatin silver print, J. Paul Getty Museum, © International Center of Photography [Getty: 84.XM.190.30], LL/5978

Unknown Artist (American School), 1865, 20 April, [Broadside for Capture of Booth, Surratt, and Herold, April 20, 1865], Printed sheet with three albumen silver prints, 60.5 x 31.3 cm (23 13/16 x 12 5/16 ins) (sheet), Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gilman Collection, Purchase, The Horace W. Goldsmith Foundation Gift, through Joyce and Robert Menschel, 2005, Accession Number: 2005.100.96, LL/40586

Unidentified photographer, 1872, Prisoner 4100, Albumen print, National Archives, Catalogue Reference: PCOM 2/290, LL/39601

Aldolarius Humphrey Boyd, 1884, John Williams, per Ld. [i.e. Lady] Montagu F.S., P.O. Latrobe, 13.3.84, larceny, 12 months, age 59, [Convict portraits, Port Arthur], Carte de visite, National Library of Australia, nla.pic-an24612797, LL/39407

Aldolarius Humphrey Boyd, 1884, George Ormiston, [per] F.C. Monqund, 3 years, 5.2.84, horse stealing and uttering, [Convict portraits, Port Arthur], Carte de visite, National Library of Australia, nla.pic-vn4270377, LL/39408

Alphonse Bertillon, 1889, Criminal Jean Greniche Killer of 'La Fille Wilhem, said La Chinoise', Carte de visite, Past to Present: Vintage Photo Gallery, LL/30846

News Service (unspecified), 1930 (ca), Young man with his two wives, Silver print, 8 x 10 in, Past to Present: Vintage Photo Gallery, LL/30845

Alphonse Bertillon, 1889, Criminal Jean Greniche Killer of 'La Fille Wilhem, said La Chinoise', Carte de visite, back, Past to Present: Vintage Photo Gallery, LL/30847

Unidentified photographer, 1899, 6 September (before), Frederick Max Brockhaus, [Death Row Prisoners Hanged in Connecticut 1894-1912], Photograph album page, 7 1/4 x 5 5/8 ins (album), Ebay, LL/45802

Unidentified photographer, 1897, 17 December (before), Nicodemo Impisino, [Death Row Prisoners Hanged in Connecticut 1894-1912], Photograph album page, 7 1/4 x 5 5/8 ins (album), Ebay, LL/45810

Unidentified photographer, 1904, 17 November (before), Joseph Watson, [Death Row Prisoners Hanged in Connecticut 1894-1912], Photograph album page, 7 1/4 x 5 5/8 ins (album), Ebay, LL/45805

Unidentified photographer, 1904, 17 November (before), Joseph Watson, [Death Row Prisoners Hanged in Connecticut 1894-1912], Photograph album page, 7 1/4 x 5 5/8 ins (album), Ebay, LL/45806

Unidentified photographer, 1907, 1 October, A mugshot showing Patrick Lewis, a twenty-six-year-old "1/2 breed Indian" sailor from Snohomish, Washington, being held indefinitely for Grand Larceny, Mugshot, 4 x 5.5 in, Paul Frecker, LL/18602

Unidentified photographer, 1900, Bertillon Type Mugshot, USA, Gelatin silver print, carte de visite format, 2.5 x 4.75 in, Private collection of Brad Feuerhelm, LL/18145

Unidentified photographer, 1898, "Wanted" Photo for Criminal Wm. L. Walsh, Carte de visite, Charles Schwartz Ltd, Courtesy of Charles Schwartz (#7912), LL/14295

Unidentified photographer, 1898, "Wanted" Photo for Criminal Wm. L. Walsh (Reverse), Carte de visite, Charles Schwartz Ltd, Courtesy of Charles Schwartz (#7912), LL/14296

Samuel G. Szabo, 1860 (ca), Rogues, a Study of Characters, Salted paper prints from glass negatives, 8.8 x 6.6 cm (3 7/16 x 2 5/8 ins) to 11.5 x 8.8 cm (4 1/2 x 3 7/16 ins), Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gilman Collection, Purchase, Ann Tenenbaum and Thomas H. Lee Gift, 2005, Accession Number: 2005.100.551 (1-45), LL/40562

Samuel G. Szabo, 1860 (ca), Rogues, a Study of Characters, Salted paper prints from glass negatives, 8.8 x 6.6 cm (3 7/16 x 2 5/8 ins) to 11.5 x 8.8 cm (4 1/2 x 3 7/16 ins), Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gilman Collection, Purchase, Ann Tenenbaum and Thomas H. Lee Gift, 2005, Accession Number: 2005.100.551 (1-45), LL/40566

Samuel G. Szabo, 1860 (ca), Rogues, a Study of Characters, Salted paper prints from glass negatives, 8.8 x 6.6 cm (3 7/16 x 2 5/8 ins) to 11.5 x 8.8 cm (4 1/2 x 3 7/16 ins), Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gilman Collection, Purchase, Ann Tenenbaum and Thomas H. Lee Gift, 2005, Accession Number: 2005.100.551 (1-45), LL/40564

Samuel G. Szabo, 1860 (ca), Rogues, a Study of Characters, Salted paper prints from glass negatives, 8.8 x 6.6 cm (3 7/16 x 2 5/8 ins) to 11.5 x 8.8 cm (4 1/2 x 3 7/16 ins), Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gilman Collection, Purchase, Ann Tenenbaum and Thomas H. Lee Gift, 2005, Accession Number: 2005.100.551 (1-45), LL/40565

Samuel G. Szabo, 1860 (ca), Rogues, a Study of Characters, Salted paper prints from glass negatives, 8.8 x 6.6 cm (3 7/16 x 2 5/8 ins) to 11.5 x 8.8 cm (4 1/2 x 3 7/16 ins), Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gilman Collection, Purchase, Ann Tenenbaum and Thomas H. Lee Gift, 2005, Accession Number: 2005.100.551 (1-45), LL/40567

Unidentified photographer, 1897, 26 September, Police identification photographs, Chicago, Mugshot, 6.2 x 10.2 cm, Vintage-Photos, LL/35729

Unidentified Russian police photographer(s), 1890 (ca), Twenty Wanted Anarchist Women [Moscow], Albumen prints, each hand cut, retouched and annotated in Russian on 2-sided mount, 13.7 x 23.9 cm, CEROS - Jean-Mathieu Martini / Serge Plantureux, Binoche et Giquello, épreuves choisies, 18 november 2010, lot no: 100, LL/41107

Unidentified Russian police photographer(s), 1890 (ca), Twenty Wanted Anarchist Women [Moscow] (detail), Albumen prints, each hand cut, retouched and annotated in Russian on 2-sided mount, 13.7 x 23.9 cm, CEROS - Jean-Mathieu Martini / Serge Plantureux, Binoche et Giquello, épreuves choisies, 18 november 2010, lot no: 100, LL/41108

Unidentified photographer, 1907, 22 August, Police identification photographs, Chicago, Gelatin silver print, mugshot, 7.5 x 11 cm, Vintage-Photos, LL/35728

Unidentified photographer / artist, 1886, Six professional criminals, Book plate, Google Books, LL/35047

Unidentified photographer / artist, 1886, Six professional criminals, Book plate, Google Books, LL/35049

Unknown (American), 1918, Workhouse identity card for time served, Identity card, Private collection of Brad Feuerhelm, LL/20428

Unknown (American), n.d., Mug shot - Escapee wanted for murder, Gelatin silver print, Private collection of Brad Feuerhelm, LL/20621

Unknown (India), n.d., Prisoner, Albumen print, 4 x 5 in, Private collection of Brad Feuerhelm, LL/20467

William Saunders, 1870-1880, Three women in a cangue [Shanghai], Albumen print, 26 x 19.5 cm, Dennis George Crow, Courtesy of Dennis George Crow (www.dennisgeorgecrow.com), LL/10060

Unidentified photographer, 1880 (ca), Chinese Prisoners in Cangues, Albumen print, 8.5 in (21.59 cm) x 10.75 in (27.31 cm), Antiq-Photo, Courtesy of Anthony Davis (3jc571), LL/14979

Unidentified photographer / artist, n.d., Chinese criminals in cangues, Private collection of Nigel Maister, LL/28562

John Thomson, 1873-1874 (Published), The Convict, Book illustration, Yale University, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, LL/40155

John Thomson, 1873-1874 (Published), The Cage, Book illustration, Yale University, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, LL/40156

Unidentified photographer, 1880 (ca), Death by Strangulation, Canton, China, Albumen print, 5.125 in (13.02 cm) x 7.875 in (20.00 cm), Antiq-Photo, Courtesy of Anthony Davis (3jc569), LL/14982

John Thomson, 1871, An unfortunate thief, Amoy 1871, with thumbs amputated., Glass plate, Wellcome Collection, Wellcome Library, London (L0018874), LL/36739

Walker Evans, 1935 (ca), Three Members of a Prison Work Gang, possibly Louisiana, Gelatin silver print, 5 1/2 x 7 7/8 in, Lee Gallery, Courtesy of Lee Gallery (W1030), LL/12688

Walker Evans, 1935 (ca), Two Members of a Prison Work Gang, possibly Louisiana, Gelatin silver print, 5 1/2 x 6 5/8 in, Lee Gallery, Courtesy of Lee Gallery (W1029), LL/14193

Danny Lyon, 1968, Texas (Men Hoeing), Barry Singer Gallery, LL/2909

Danny Lyon, 1969, Hoe Sharpener and the Line, Gelatin silver print, 7 5/8 x 11 7/16 ins, George Eastman Museum, LL/33319

Jack Delano, 1941, May, In the Convict Camp in Greene County, Georgia, Gelatin silver print, 9 x 9 ins, Howard Greenberg Gallery, Inventory no: 0002485, LL/37937

O.P. Annex, n.d., O.P. Annex Souvenir. Photos made from Life. Price 25 Cents., Cabinet card, Private collection of Brad Feuerhelm, LL/12988

Tom Howard, 1928, Execution of Ruth Synder, Silver contact print, warm-toned, 1 1/2 x 2 in (3.8 x 5 cm), Swann Galleries - New York, Courtesy of Swann Galleries (Auction, Oct 22, 2009, Photographs & Photographic Literature, Sale 2191 Lot 126), LL/33436

Roy Dickens, 1960, Execution of Caryl Chessman, Gelatin silver print, 12 x 10 ins, Larry Gottheim, Be-hold, Inc, Courtesy of Larry Gottheim - Be-Hold (54 / 53), LL/34053

Eddie Adams, 1968, Execution of a Viet Cong Officer, Gelatin silver print, ferrotyped, 7 x 8 1/2 in (17.8 x 21.6 cm), Swann Galleries - New York, Courtesy of Swann Galleries (Auction, Oct 22, 2009, Photographs & Photographic Literature, Sale 2191 Lot 256), LL/33447

Alexander Gardner, 1865, 7 July (taken), Hanging, Carte de visite, Private collection of Stuart Schneider, LL/14946

Waller Overton Bullock, 1908, Russellville Mob [Lynching, Kentucky, USA], Kentucky Virtual Library, Transylvania University, Bullock Photograph Collection, ca.1880-1953 (ktu:pa1:568), LL/7958

Unidentified photographer / artist, n.d., Grave marker of Frank Parish ("Hanged Jan 14 1864"), Private collection of Nigel Maister, LL/28564

Unidentified photographer, 2003, Abu Ghraib Prison, Digital image, Various sizes, Source requested, LL/33297

André Adolphe-Eugène Disdéri, 1850s (ca), Suppliciés (Louis Napoleon Album, Heads of Executed Men), Carte de visite, 4 x 2 1/2 ins, George Eastman Museum, LL/33136

Felice Beato, 1869 (published), Executioner and criminal, Book illustration, Google Books, LL/40650

Felice Beato, 1869 (published), Head of Matsudaira, one of the Kamakura Assassins, Book illustration, Google Books, LL/40651

Keystone View Company, n.d., 9956. Execution by the Garrote in the Yard of the City Prison, Havana, Cuba, Stereoview, Jeffrey Kraus Antique Photographics, LL/37842

Keystone View Company, n.d., 9956. Execution by the Garrote in the Yard of the City Prison, Havana, Cuba, Stereoview, detail, Jeffrey Kraus Antique Photographics, LL/37843

Unidentified photographer / artist, n.d., The Dungeon in the Old Spanish Fort, from which Wild Cat, a Celebrated Seminole Indian, made his escape, [Florida, Land of Flowers and Tropical Scenery], Stereocard, Jefferson Stereoptics, Courtesy of John Saddy (Auction, Tues. May 23rd & Thurs. May 25th, 2006, # 06-2, Lot 331), LL/11765

Unidentified photographer / artist, n.d., The Dungeon in the Old Spanish Fort, from which Wild Cat, a Celebrated Seminole Indian, made his escape (Detail), [Florida, Land of Flowers and Tropical Scenery], Stereocard, Jefferson Stereoptics, Courtesy of John Saddy (Auction, Tues. May 23rd & Thurs. May 25th, 2006, # 06-2, Lot 331), LL/11764

Lockwood (Ripon, Wis), n.d., Untitled view of prison interior, [Wisconsin Scenery], Stereocard, Stereoviews: Stereoviews and Fine 19th & 20th Century Antique Photographs, Courtesy of David Spahr (www.stereoviews.com), LL/11662

Ernsberger & Ray, n.d., View of prison cells, Stereocard, Stereoviews: Stereoviews and Fine 19th & 20th Century Antique Photographs, Courtesy of David Spahr (www.stereoviews.com), LL/11666

Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorskii, 1905-1915, Zindan (prison), with inmates looking out through the bars and a guard with Russian rifle, uniform, and boots, Central Asia, Digital Color composite from digital file from glass neg, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, Prokudin-Gorskii Collection [LC-DIG-prokc-20130], LL/1623

Charles Nègre, 1865, Prison of the Iron Mask, Albumen print, 6 1/4 x 8 1/2 in (15.9 x 21.6 cm), Swann Galleries - New York, Courtesy of Swann Galleries (Auction, Feb 7, 2008, #2135, Lot 29), LL/27095

Unidentified photographer / artist, 1881 (after), Clifton, Arizona, jail, National Archives and Records Administration, 111-SC-89496, LL/35243

Weegee, 1942 (ca), A Night in the Cells, Gelatin silver print, 13 9/16 x 10 9/16, Barry Singer Gallery, LL/3085

United Press, 1935, Angelo Herndon, Black Communist Leader, Gelatin silver print, Larry Gottheim, Be-hold, Inc, Courtesy of Larry Gottheim - Be-Hold (54 / 58), LL/34054

Unidentified photographer, 1963, The Last Prisoners at Alcatraz, Gelatin silver print, Larry Gottheim, Be-hold, Inc, Courtesy of Larry Gottheim - Be-Hold (54 / 97, LL/34057

Unidentified photographer, 1955, African American boy in prison, State Training and Agricultural School for Colored Boys Pikeville, Tennessee, Gelatin silver print, 7 1/8 x 9 ins, La Bonne Vivante, LL/34248

C. Allen, 1856, 2 June, For a fortnight - Photographic Portraits, Book page, Google Books, LL/35304

1934, Wanted poster for John Dillinger. On 22 July 1934 the homicidal criminal John Dillinger was killed in the street by FBI agents after coming out of the Biograph Theater in Chicago., Poster, U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation, LL/3003

Unknown Artist (American School), 1934, [John Dillinger's Feet, Chicago Morgue], Gelatin silver print, 4 11/16 x 7 13/16 ins (11.9 x 19.8 cm), Metropolitan Museum of Art, Purchase, Marks Family Foundation Gift, 2001, Accession Number: 2001.677, LL/40601

2002, This poster depicts Felicien Kabuga, who is wanted for genocide in Rwanda, Poster, U.S. Department of State, LL/3001