| 1874 | Europe • France
| Nadar holds the first exhibition of Impressionist paintings (15 April-15 May 1874) at his photographic studio at 35 boulevard des Capucines, Paris. The Salon had refused their paintings in 1873 and the painters, who collectively called themselves the Societé anonyme des artistes peintres, sculpteurs, graveurs, mounted the show as a protest. The name Impressionism was taken from one of Monet's paintings Impression: Sunrise and originated in a derogatory comment from a journalist. (15 April 1874) |
| 1874 | Africa • Central Africa | German botanist Georg Schweinfurth publishes The Heart of Africa and it promotes interest in the Kingdoms of Central Africa. |
| 1875 | Africa | The Free Church of Scotland establishes the Livingstonia Mission at the southern end of Lake Malawi |
| 1875 | North America • USA | Bell transmits first voice message over wires (2 June 1875) |
| 1876 | North America • USA | Centennial Exposition also known as the International Exhibition of Arts, Manufactures, and Products of the Soil and Mine opens in Philadelphia |
| 1878 | North America • USA | First North American telephone exchange established at New Haven, Connecticut. |
| 1880 | Australia | The outlaw Ned Kelly is executed in Melbourne, Australia. |
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