Contents
| This theme includes example sections and will be revised and added to as we proceed. Suggestions for additions, improvements and the correction of factual errors are always appreciated.
Status: Collect > Document > Analyse > Improve |
Introduction
662.01 Scientific > Anthropology
             
Anthropology (from the Greek anthropos, "man", and -logia, "discourse" or "study“) is the study of humanity.
Ethnology (from the Greek ethnos, meaning "people, nation, race") is the branch of anthropology that compares and analyzes the origins, distribution, technology, religion, language, and social structure of the ethnic, racial, and/or national divisions of humanity.
662.02 Scientific > Maurice Vidal Portman: Male Andamanese - Balia
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
662.03 Scientific > Maurice Vidal Portman: Female Andamanese - Ilech
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
Early examples
662.04 Scientific > Daguerreotypes: Ethnic: Indians
 
662.05 Scientific > Daguerreotypes: Ethnic: Chinese
  
662.06 Scientific > Daguerreotypes: Ethnic: Native Americans
   
Peoples of the world
662.07 Scientific > Lallemand and Hart: Galerie Universelle des Peuples - Alsace (1865)
            
The 1865 publication Galerie Universelle des Peuples: Alsace by Lallemand and Hart contains a 23-page description of Alsace's regions followed by 12 illustrative albumen prints of Alsatian types, each mounted on a separate board bearing letterpress title and attribution.
662.08 Scientific > Daguerreotypes: Ethnic: Spanish
662.09 Scientific > Philippe Potteau: Ethnographic portraits
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
    
Philippe Potteau took a series of high quality ethnographic portraits from the 1860s for the Museum national d‘Histoire naturelle (Paris, France).
662.10 Scientific > J. Monstein: Russian types
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
                    
Little is known of J. Monstein of Moscow. His name suggests that he might have been German, and indeed, all the inscriptions pencilled on the back of his cartes – at least, the ones in this collection - are written in German, in the Gothic alphabet then still in use.
662.11 Scientific > William Carrick: Russian occupationals
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
                   
662.12 Scientific > Paul-Émile Miot: Mik'maq (Micmac)
    
662.13 Scientific > Colonel Philip Meadows Taylor: The People of India (1868-1872)
                               
J.F. Watson and J.W. Kaye. (eds.), 1868-72, The People of India. A series of photographic illustrations, with descriptive letterpress, of the races and tribes of Hindustan, (by Meadows Taylor,) originally prepared under the authority of the Government of India, and reproduced by order of the Secretary of State for India (London: W. H. Allen and Co.) attempted to classify the diverse races of 10038 by means of photographs.
The preface to the work gives an incomplete list of the photographers included:
Other photographers including Hurrichund Chintamon provided photographs for this book.
A fascimile reprint of the original 1867 eight volume edition was published in 1987 by B.R. Publishing, Delhi and includes 468 b/w illustrations from original photographs, with descriptive text.
662.14 Scientific > Prince Roland Bonaparte's ethnographic expedition to Lapland (1884)
                                                              
An aristocratic relation of Napoleon, Prince Roland Bonaparte (1858-1924) took a 19th century gentleman‘s interest in the sciences and in particular, during the earlier part of his life, in the study of anthropology. Like others of the period, he looked on photography as a scientific tool for preserving data from his expeditions, and used it to document the Amerindians, Surinames, Hottentots and other unusual peoples brought to European exhibitions.
In 1884 Bonaparte organized an ethnographic expedition to Lapland, an artic region in northern Europe, which described by F. Escard in an 1886 monograph Le Prince Roland Bonaparte in Laponie. A portfolio of collotypes Lapons (Laplanders) was also issued from the negatives taken during the trip by "the Prince‘s usual photographer" (Escard 1886, viii). The collotype plates, which are quite uncommon, document each sitter in paired frontal / profile views reminiscent of modern criminal mugshots. The images measure 6 x 4.5 inches (15x12 cm), printed on sheets 12 x 17 inches (30x44 cm).
Bonaparte‘s work is grounded in the anthropology of his time, which focussed on the documentation of physical characteristics, and in particular on shape and dimensions of the skull as a means of establishing relations between the human races. This tack had been given to European anthropology by its pioneers earlier in the century, notably Paul Broca, whose thinking was informed by the discovery of the first fragments of early man and whose standard field guide for anthropologists involved a complex series of physical measurements. The hard scientific results of Bonaparte‘s expedition were thus conclusions of the sort that Laplanders were "brachycephalic," had little facial hair, and possessed a "mean nasal index of 74.59 for the men, 73.64 for the women" (Escard 1886, xiii). This attitude is clear in Bonaparte‘s images, yet paradoxically the sitters role as human specimens, accentuated further by the numbered cards held next to each on a short stick, allows them a status and often a dignity which would be lacking in more commonplace photography.
Further reading
Escard, F., Le Prince Roland Bonaparte in Laponie: Episodes et Tableaux. Paris, G. Chamerot, 1886.
© Christopher Wahren (2006) - Used with permission
662.15 Scientific > Alexander Gardner: Ogallalla Sioux (May, 1872)
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
                            
There are very few known copies of this series by Alexander Gardner (1821-1882) and the number of albumen prints included seems to vary. The front cover of this volume is entitled simply Ogallalla Sioux. However, a copy of the series came up for auction at Sotheby‘s Sale of "The Frank T. Siebert Library of the North American Indian and the American Frontier" collection in New York on October 28, 1999 which had the fuller title:
Photographs of Red Cloud and Principal Chiefs of Dacotah Indians Taken on Their Visit to Washington, D.C., May, 1872 (Washington D.C.: for Trustees of Blackmore Museum, Salisbury, England, [Gibson Brothers, Printers, 1872])
The volume has a rather intriguing history that is worthy of note. William Henry Blackmore was an English financier, philanthropist and founder of the Blackmore Museum in Salisbury (Wiltshire, UK). His commercial interests in the United States included mining ventures, railways and land speculation that brought him into contact with Native Americans. Blackmore developed a passionate interest in Native American cultures and realized the importance of documenting their societies.. Accordingly, he commissioned noted Civil War photographer, Alexander Gardner, to photograph Native American delegations visiting Washington D.C. This portfolio, Ogallalla Sioux, records the delegation of Red Cloud (Mahpíya Lúta), who visited Washington, DC from May 25 to June 3, 1872. Gardner took this series and in one of the photographs (not included in this volume) Red Cloud is seated with a standing William Blackmore shaking his hand in respect and friendship.
Soon afterwards Blackmore financed and then accompanied Ferdinand V. Hayden on his 1872 survey expedition of the Yellowstone region. Early in the summer of 1872, Mary Blackmore contracted pneumonia and died in Bozeman, Montana. Hayden named Mt. Blackmore in her honor.
The encroachments on Indian lands resulted in increasing hostilities, and only four years later General George Custer (1839-1876) would lead his forces into the Black Hills of Dakota to resounding defeat. Red Cloud was a well known chief but he did not join Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull in their ill-fated attempts to protect their rights.
List of plates in this copy of the portfolio
A copy of this work at the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale Univeristy [Zc16D1 +872ga] includes a photograph of a seated Red Cloud shaking hands with a standing William Henry Blackmore.
[Courtesy of the Etherton Gallery]
662.16 Scientific > William Henry Jackson: Portraits of American Indians (1876)
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
       
662.17 Scientific > Elias A. Bonine: Native Americans
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
  
662.18 Scientific > Edward S. Curtis: Harriman Alaska Expedition (1899)
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
   
662.19 Scientific > Edward S. Curtis: The North American Indian
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
                  
Edward S. Curtis The North American Indian, Being a Series of Volumes Picturing and Describing the Indians of the United States and Alaska
Portfolios 1-16 and text volumes 1-16 on Holland Van Gelder paper. The large-format sepia photogravures by John Andrew & Sons, each measuring 15½x11 inches and the reverse (39.3x 28 cm. and the reverse) with a printed title, plate number, copyright, and photographer‘s and publisher‘s credit on recto. Folio, ¼ gilt-impressed morocco; gilt-lettered bookplates. The small-format sepia photogravures by John Andrews & Son, with the accompanying vellum interleafing. Large 4tos, ¾ gilt-lettered morocco, top edge gilt; A realized edition of 272 copies. Cambridge & Norwood, Mass.: The University Press, 1907-09 & The Plimpton Press, 1911-26
Vol. 1: Apache, Jicarillas, Navaho.
Vol. 2: Pima, Papago, Qahatika, Mohave, Yuma, Maricopa, Walapi, Havasupai, Apache-Mohave.
Vol. 3: Teton Sioux, Yanktonai, Assiniboin.
Vol. 4: Apsaroke, Hidatsa.
Vol. 5: Mandan, Arikara, Atsina.
Vol. 6: Piegan, Cheyenne, Arapaho.
Vol. 7: Yakima, Klickitat, Interior Salish, Kutenai.
Vol. 8: Nez Percés, Walla Walla, Umatilla, Cayuse, Chinookan Tribes.
Vol. 9: Salishan Tribes of the Coast, Chimakum, Quilliute, Willapa.
Vol. 10: The Kwakiutl.
Vol. 11: Nootka, Haida.
Vol. 12: The Hopi.
Vol. 13: Hupa, Yurok, Karok, Wiyot, Tolowa, Tututni, Shasta, Achomawi, Klamath.
Vol. 14: Kato, Wailaki, Yuki, Pomo, Wintun, Maidu, Miwok, Yokuts.
Vol: 15: Southern California Shoshoneans, The Dieguenos, Plateau Shoshoneans, The Washo Mythology.
Vol. 16: The Tiwa, The Keres.
662.20 Scientific > Edward S. Curtis: Orotones
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
           
662.21 Scientific > William Saunders: Studio studies of the occupations of the Chinese
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
               
662.22 Scientific > Baron Raimund von Stillfried: Portraits from China
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
        
662.23 Scientific > Charles Kroehle: Campa-Indians, Rio Chuchuras, East Peru (1880s)
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
 
662.24 Scientific > Charles-Albert Arnoux Bertall: Ethnological studies
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
  
Charles-Albert Arnoux Bertall (1820-1882) was a caricaturist, illustrator, writer and a portrait photographer. He took commissioned cyanotype portraits for the Société d’Ethnographie, a club of amateur ethnographers, for their publication Collection Anthropologique. This series of three photographs of a "Turkish Woman, 18 Years Old, Born in Pitesci (Romania)]" is unusual as the blurring on the photographs, use of the cyanotype process and their domestic setting takes them out of a scientific setting. This series was included in the exhibition Naked before the Camera at The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (March 27–September 9, 2012).
662.25 Scientific > Maurice Vidal Portman: Andamanese
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
    
Tipos
662.26 Scientific > Christiano Júnior: Tipos (Brazil)
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
          
662.27 Scientific > Courret Hermanos: Tipos (Bolivia)
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
 
662.28 Scientific > François Aubert: Tipos (Mexico)
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
     
Scandal
662.29 Scientific > King Billy - A scandal in Tasmania
  
In Tasmania the aborigine numbers decreased rapidly after colonization and by 1847 only 46 individuals remained. Charles A. Woolley took a studio portrait of a Tasmanian woman called Trucanini in 1866 - here the portrait is interesting because it uses the format used by contemporary portrait photographers rather than the fully body shots that were preferred by anthropologists. The paper print, now in the collection of the Royal Anthropological Institution of Great Britain and Ireland, shows the head and shoulders with the upper body fading out in the lower part of the shot, a style commonly used in carte-de-visite.
The Lancet, No.2391, June 26, 1869, p.882.
THE LAST TASMANIAN.
The public mind of Hobart Town has been greatly disturbed by an unseemly squabble consequent on the death of "King Billy," the last aboriginal Tasmanian. It seems that none of the museums of the colony contain a complete male aboriginal skeleton; and hence King Billy's remains have been fought for in the deadhouse and in the graveyard, and have since been fought about, still more fiercely, in the columns of the local papers. Mr. Crowther, a surgeon of Hobart Town, and the recent recipient of a medal from the Royal College of Surgeons of England, wished to secure the precious skeleton for the museum in Lincoln's-inn-fields. The Government, on the other hand, was in favour of securing the skeleton for the museum of the (colonial) Royal Society; and Dr. Stokell, the house-surgeon to the hospital in which the death took place, received strict orders to preserve the remains from mutilation. Someone, however (and suspicion points to Mr. Crowther), succeeded in gaining access to the deadhouse, and removed the skull, sewing up within the soft parts another skull in place of it. Next, in the interests of the colonial museum, the hands and feet were removed; and, finally, the body, after a public funeral, was exhumed at night under the direction of Dr. Stokell. The skull is still missing, and Mr. Crowther, who is a member of the upper house of the Tasmanian legislature, has been suspended from his duties as surgeon to the hospital. The newspapers are full of letters of acrimonious recrimination, and the editors find in the subject a text for leaders in the largest type. We can only hope that the disjecta membra may in time be united in some fitting resting-place, and that the discreditable incidents of the contest may be speedily forgotten.
Ethnographic nudity
662.30 Scientific > Ethnographic nudity
               
Motivations and desires can be difficult to determine without evidence and our preconceptions of exploitation of the subject are not necessarily correct. If we understand the background of the photographer and how a photograph was taken, disseminated and the context within which it was displayed we have a partial framework, however incomplete, to place it. Blunt statements such as "all photographs are exploitative" or "photographs of ethnic nudity display a power relationship between the photographer and the subject within which the subject has little control" do not address the complex nuances. Ethnographic photography has at times been used to support theories of racial differences and Louis Agassiz (1807-1873) was a proponent of that approach but it would be naive to say that all ethnographers have similar motivations. The photographs anthropologist G.E. Dobson took of Maia Biala, the chief of Rutland Island and his wife was of a man he admired. Some photographs have the appearance of erotica or even pornography and the taboos associated with those in western society were partially reduced by the sense of the exotic. Other portraits were taken for sale to the tourist trade and the bare-breasted North African ladies in the Lehnert & Landrock were exotic images in the Orientalist style where the motivation was presumable pecuniary. Photographs change their meaning and usage over time and anthropologists would purchase commercial photographs and postcards to build up their racial typologies.
Merging of populations through immigration
662.31 Scientific > Augustus Francis Sherman: Ellis Island portraits
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
                                   
Augustus Francis Sherman (1865-1925) was a registry clerk at Ellis Island (NY) and between 1904 and 1920 he took over 200 photographs of new arrivals.
The continuation of tipos?
662.32 Scientific > August Sander (1876-1964)
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
             
August Sander is known for his monumental work Citizens of the Twentieth Century (Menschen des 20. Jahrhunderts) which consists of face on portraits of all classes of German society during the first half of the nineteenth century. The portraits are highly detailed and show people in their working or everyday clothes sometimes accompanied by the tools or symbols of their trade.
In 1929 60 of his portraits were published in the book Face of Our Time (Antlitz der Zeit) but the honesty of the portraits conflicted against the propaganda myths of the Aryan super race that the Nazi party was seeking to promote. In 1934 they seized copies of the book and destroyed the photographic plates.
The work of August Sander is now regarded as one of the key projects in photographic portrait history and his style has been widely copied
662.33 Scientific > Irving Penn: People of the world
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
       
662.34 Scientific > William Coupon: People of the world
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
                            
662.35 Scientific > Phyllis Galembo: West African Masquerade
About this photographer | Photographs by this photographer
                            
Since 1997 Phyllis Galembo has been photographing masked revelers in ritual performances. Galembo has made over twenty trips to sites of ritual masquerade in Africa and the Caribbean. She has repeatedly photographed Carnaval in Jacmel, Haiti before and during the Aristide debacle, capturing annual performances with a subterranean political edge. She has traveled repeatedly to West Africa to witness annual rituals that involve extraordinarily creative masking and costuming.
Galembo brings her lights and cameras to scenes of public display. She chooses existing local background: a wall of a home, a tree. She coaxes poses from her subjects as they proceed with their ritual business. She reveals creativities of fashion and performance that combine traditional and modern materials, symbol, and gestures. Her subjects may spend a year gathering materials and sewing elaborate costumes worn a single day. Or they spontaneously paint their jeans and bodies and join posses of play and protest.
Galembo works in the tradition of the staged portraits of Edward Sheriff Curtis and the world-in-a-small-room ethnic fashion studies of Irving Penn. But Galembo does not carefully arrange her subjects in a studio setting. She looks for timelessness, elegance, and dignity. But she is also attuned to a moment’s collision of past, present and future, attuned to a riot of contradictory forms and colors, messages and silences, hopes and desperations.
Galembo’s portraiture illuminates the transformative power of costume and ritual. Her images capture the raw and often frightening aspect of ceremonial garb. She highlights the creativity of the individuals morphing into a fantastical representation of themselves. The subjects have cobbled together materials gathered from the immediate environment to idealize their vision of mythical figures. While still pronounced in their personal identity, the subject’s intentions are rooted in the larger dynamics of religious, political and cultural affiliation. Establishing these connections is a hallmark of Galembo‘s work.
[Courtesy of Phyllis Galembo and Stephen Kasher Gallery]
alan@luminous-lint.com |
  
General reading
Banta, Melissa & Hinsley, Curtis M, 1986, From Site to Sight: Anthropology, Photography, and the Power of Imagery, (Cambridge, MA: Peabody Museum Press) [Δ]
Blanchard, Pascal; Boëtsch, Gilles & Snoep, Nanette Jacomijn, 2012, Human Zoos: The Invention of the Savage, (Actes Sud) isbn-10: 2330002610 isbn-13: 978-2330002619 [Δ]
Bush, Alfred L. & Mitchell, Lee Clark, 1994, The Photograph and the American Indian, (Princeton University Press) isbn-10: 0691034893 isbn-13: 978-0691034898 [Δ]
Dalton, Edward, 1872, Descriptive ethnology of Bengal, (Calcutta) [Includes photographs by Benjamin Simpson] [Δ]
Dennis, Kelly, 1994, ‘Ethnopornography: Veiling the Dark Continent‘, History of Photography, vol.18, no.1, pp.22-28 [Δ]
Duggan-Cronin, A.M., 1928-1954, The Bantu Tribes of South Africa, (Cambridge: Deighton, Bell) [Eleven volumes] [Δ]
Edwards, Elizabeth, 1990, ‘Photographic 'Types': The Pursuit of a Method‘, Visual Anthropology, vol.3, no.2-3, pp.241-247 [Δ]
Edwards, Elizabeth, 2001, Raw Histories: Photographs, Anthropology and Museums, (Berg Publishers) isbn-10: 1859734979 isbn-13: 978-1859734971 [Δ]
Edwards, Elizabeth (ed.), 1992, Anthropology and Photography: 1860-1920, (New Haven: Yale University Press) [Δ]
Escard, F., 1886, Le Prince Roland Bonaparte in Laponie: Episodes et Tableaux, (Paris: G. Chamerot) [Δ]
Falconer, John, 1984, ‘Ethnographical Photography in India 1850-1900‘, Photographic Collector, vol.5, no.1, pp.16-46 [Δ]
Fleming, Paula Richardson, 2003, Native American Photography at the Smithsonian: The Shindler Catalogue, (Smithsonian Books) isbn-10: 1588341216 isbn-13: 978-1588341211 [Δ]
Geary, Christraud M. & Webb, Virginia-Lee (eds.), 1998, Delivering Views: Distant Cultures in Early Postcards, (Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press) isbn-10: 1560987596 isbn-13: 978-1560987598 [Δ]
Geismar, Haidy, 2006, ‘Malakula: A Photographic Collection‘, Society for Comparative Study of Society and History, vol.6, pp.520-563 [Δ]
Howe, K.S., 2004, First Seen. Portraits Of The World's Peoples 1840-1880 From The Wilson Centre For Photography, (London: Santa Barbara Museum of Art; Third Millennium Publishing) [Δ]
Im Thurn, E.F., 1893, ‘Anthropological Uses of the Camera‘, Journal of the Anthropological Institute, vol.22, pp.184-203 [Δ]
Jehel, Pierre-Jérôme, 1995, Photographie et anthropologie en France au XIXe siècle, (Mémoire de DEA "Esthétique, sciences et technologie des arts" UFR "Arts, Philosophie et esthétique" Université Paris VIII. Saint-Denis) [Δ]
Lallemand and Hart, 1865, Galerie Universelle des Peuples: Alsace [Δ]
Lehmann-Nitsche, Robert, 1904, La Coleccion Boggiani de Tipos indigenas de Sudamerica Central, (Buenos Aires: Casa Editora de R. Rosauer, Rivadavia) [Includes 100 photographs by ethnologist Guido Boggiani with a further 14 in a supplement published the same year.] [Δ]
Maxwell, A., 1999, Colonial Photography and Exhibitions: Representations of the “Native” and the Making of European Identities, (London: Leicester University Press) [Δ]
Maxwell, Anne, 2008, Picture Imperfect: Photography and Eugenics, 1870-1940, (Sussex Academic Press) isbn-10: 1845194152 isbn-13: 978-1845194154 [Δ]
Pieterse J N, 1992, White on Black: Images of Africa and Blacks in Western Popular
Culture, (New Haven: Yale University Press) [Δ]
Pinney, Christopher, 2011, Photography and Anthropology, (Reaktion Books) isbn-10: 1861898045 isbn-13: 978-1861898043 [Δ]
Street, Brian, 1992, ‘British Popular Anthropology: Exhibiting and Photographing the Other‘, in Edwards, Elizabeth (ed.), Anthropology and Photography 1860-1920, pp.122-131 [Δ]
Taylor, Meadows, 1868-1872, The People of India. A series of photographic illustrations, with descriptive letterpress, of the races and tribes of Hindustan, (by Meadows Taylor,) originally prepared under the authority of the Government of India, and reproduced by order of the Secretary of State for India, (London: W. H. Allen and Co.) [Edited by J.F. Watson and J.W. Kaye. A fascimile reprint of the original 1867 eight volume edition was published in 1987 by B.R. Publishing, Delhi. Includes photographs by Hurrichund Chintamon] [Δ]
Theye, T., 1989, Der Geraubte Schatten. Eine Weltreise im Spiegel der Ethnographischen Photographie, (Munich & Lucerne: Bucher) [Δ]
Readings on, or by, individual photographers
Hugo Bernatzik
Byer, D., 1999, Der Fall H. A. Bernatzik. Ein Leben zwischen Ethnologie und Öffentlichkeit 1897-1953, (Cologne: Böhlau) isbn-10: 3412083992 [German] [Δ]
N.J. Caire
Pitkethly, Anne & Pitkethly, Don, 1988, N.J. Caire, Landscape Photographer, (Rosanna, VIC) [Δ]
Désiré Charnay
Zitte, Wilhiam & Fuma, Sudel, 1994, Chambre noire, chants obscurs: photographies anthropométriques de Désiré Charnay: types de la Réunion, (Saint-Denis: Conseil général) isbn-10: 2910592022 isbn-13: 978-2910592028 [Δ]
Edward S. Curtis
Adam, Hans Christian, 2008, Native Americans: Edward S. Curtis, (Taschen) isbn-10: 3836507919 isbn-13: 978-3836507912 [Δ]
Adam, Hans Christian, 2012, Edward S. Curtis, (Taschen) isbn-10: 3836539284 isbn-13: 978-3836539289 [Δ]
Curtis, Edward S., 1907-1926, The North American Indian, Being a Series of Volumes Picturing and Describing the Indians of the United States and Alaska, (MA: The University Press, 1907-09 & The Plimpton Press, 1911-26) [Δ]
Curtis, Edward S., 1997, The North American Indian: The Complete Portfolio, (New York: Köln: Taschen) [Δ]
Egan, Timothy, 2012, Short Nights of the Shadow Catcher: The Epic Life and Immortal Photographs of Edward Curtis, (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt) [Δ]
Gidley, Mick, 1994, ‘Pictorialist Elements in Edward S. Curtis's Photographic Representation of American Indians‘, The Yearbook of English Studies - Ethnicity and Representation in American Literature [Δ]
Alexander Gardner
Gardner, Alexander, 1872, Photographs of Red Cloud and Principal Chiefs of Dacotah Indians Taken on Their Visit to Washington, D.C., May, 1872, (Washington D.C.: for Trustees of Blackmore Museum, Salisbury, England, [Gibson Brothers, Printers]) [Δ]
Graciela Iturbide
Medina, C., 2001, Graciela Iturbide, (New York: Phaidon Press) [Δ]
Gertrude Käsebier
Delaney, Michelle, 2007, Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Warriors: A Photographic History by Gertrude Käsebier, (Smithsonian National Museum of American History) isbn-10: 0061129771 isbn-13: 978-0061129773 [Δ]
Adolph F. Muhr
Ortiz, Simon J, 2005, Beyond the Reach of Time and Change: Native American Reflections on the Frank A. Rinehart Photograph Collection, (University of Arizona Press) isbn-10: 0816523592 isbn-13: 978-0816523597 [Δ]
Sutton, Royal K., 1972, The Face of Courage: The Indian Photographs of Frank A. Rinehart, (Ft. Collins, OC: Old Army Press) [Δ]
Maurice Vidal Portman
Portman, M.V., 1899, A history of our relations with the Andamanese, (Calcutta: Office of the Government Printing) [2 volumes] [Δ]
Erich Retzlaff
Retzlaff, Erich, 1930, Das Antlitz Des Alters [The Face of Age], (Düsseldorf: Pädagogischer Verlag GmbH) [German] [Δ]
Retzlaff, Erich, 1931, Die von der Scholle [Those who till the soil], (Göttingen, Verlag der Deuerlichschen Buchhandlung o.J.) [German. Part 1 of the Deutschen Menschen series] [Δ]
Retzlaff, Erich, 1931, Menschen am Werk: Sechsundfünfzig photographische Bildnisse aus deutschen Industriestädten [People at Work], (Deuerlich) [German. Part 2 of the Deutschen Menschen series] [Δ]
Retzlaff, Erich, 1933, Wegbereiter und Vorkämpfer für das neue Deutschland [Pioneers and Champions of the new Germany], (Munich: J.F.Lehmanns Verlag) [German] [Δ]
Frank Rinehart
Ortiz, Simon J, 2005, Beyond the Reach of Time and Change: Native American Reflections on the Frank A. Rinehart Photograph Collection, (University of Arizona Press) isbn-10: 0816523592 isbn-13: 978-0816523597 [Δ]
Sutton, Royal K., 1972, The Face of Courage: The Indian Photographs of Frank A. Rinehart, (Ft. Collins, OC: Old Army Press) [Δ]
August Sander
Heiting, Manfred (ed.), 1999, August Sander 1876–1964, (New York: Taschen) [Δ]
Sander, August, 1973, Men Without Masks: Faces of Germany, 1910–1938, (Greenwich, CT: New York Graphic Society) [Δ]
Sander, August, 1980, August Sander: Photographs of an Epoch. 1904–1959, (Millerton, NY: Aperture) [Preface by Beaumont Newhall; historical commentary by Robert Kramer] [Δ]
Sander, August, 2003, Antlitz der Zeit, (Munich: Schirmer/Mosel) [Δ]
F.E. Williams
Young, M. W. & Clark, J., 2002, Anthropologist in Papua: The Photography of FE Williams, (C Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd) isbn-10: 1850656053 isbn-13: 978-1850656050 [Δ]
If you feel this list is missing a significant book or article please let me know - Alan - alan@luminous-lint.com
Resources
Photographic Collections of the Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology (University of Cambridge)
http://museum-server.archanth.cam.ac.uk ...
Has 19th century photographs from around the world resulting from the expeditions of early anthropologists. A published guide to the collections is available:
Collected Sights (the Museum's photographic collections) by R. Boast, S. Guha & A. Herle, 2001; 44 pp, b/w plates
| Ethnographical Photography in India 1850-1900 - John Falconer
http://www.andaman.org ...
Reproduced with permission from John Falconer, now at the Oriental and India Office Collections of the British Library, London.
Originally published 1984 in Photographic Collector 5(1):16-46.
| Plains Indians
http://www.loc.gov ...
In 1885, Frank A. Rinehart (1862-1928) opened a photographic studio in Omaha, Nebraska. Thirteen years later he became the official photographer for the 1898 Trans-Mississippi International Exposition held in Omaha. Adolph Muhr, a Rinehart employee, took studio portraits of the Plains Indians in the firm's fair studio. The five-month fair was intended to showcase the developed West from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Coast. The Library holds more than sixty portraits of Sioux, Assiniboine, Kiowa, Tonkawa, Arapaho, Pueblo, Sac and Fox, and Blackfeet tribal delegates. The photographs displayed here were attached to Rinehart's original copyright submission form and were rediscovered in the Copyright Office last summer during Library's Junior Fellows Project.
| Trans-Mississippi Exposition (1898)
http://www.omaha.lib.ne.us ...
Includes Native American portraits by Frank A. Rinehart and Adolph F. Muhr. There is also background material and sources for The Indian Congress onf 1898.
| Beyond the Reach of Time and Change: The Photographs of Frank Rinehart and Adolph Muhr American Indian Portraits 1898-1900.
http://www.haskell.edu ...
This display of newly printed platinum photographs document the Trans-Mississippi Exposition and Indian Congress in Omaha, NE, in 1898. While Rinehart made photographs of the World’s Fair events and buildings, Muhr photographed the people who attended the Indian Congress from over 35 different nations.
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Claudia Andujar (1931-) • Hugo Bernatzik (1897-1953) • Charles-Albert Arnoux Bertall (1820-1882) • Barnabás Bosshart (1947-) • Richard Buchta (1845-1894) • William Coupon (1952-) • Edward S. Curtis (1868-1952) • Phyllis Galembo • Robert Gardner (1925-) • Milton Guran • Ludovico Wolfgang Hart • Graciela Iturbide (1942-) • William J. Johnson • Johnson & Henderson • Douglas T. Kilburn (1813-1871) • Annu Palakunnathu Matthew (1964-) • A.B. Meyer • Carl Moon (check) • Adolph F. Muhr (check) • Irving Penn (1917-2009) • Maurice Vidal Portman (1860-1935) • Philippe Potteau (1807-1876) • Erich Retzlaff (1899-1993) • Frank Rinehart (1861-1928) • August Sander (1876-1964) • F.E. Williams (1893-1943) • Charles A. Woolley (1834-1922) | Home > Themes > Scientific > Anthropology and ethnology
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